Aging lungs may spark runaway inflammation that makes infections far more dangerous.
University of California - San Francisco
Older adults are far more likely to develop severe illness from flu or COVID, and new research from UC San Francisco offers an explanation. The study shows that aging lung cells can trigger an overly aggressive immune response, which can turn even mild infections into serious conditions.
These findings provide new insight into age-related
inflammation and help explain why something as simple as a cough can sometimes
lead to hospitalization in older individuals.
Aging Lung Cells and Inflammation
To explore what changes in older lungs, researchers focused
on fibroblasts, the structural cells that help maintain lung tissue. In
experiments with young mice, they activated a stress signal typically linked to
aging. This caused the lungs to develop clusters of inflamed cells, including
some marked by the GZMK gene, which was first identified in severe COVID-19
cases. Scientists believe future treatments could target these cells to
interrupt the harmful cycle known as inflammaging.
"We were surprised to see lung fibroblasts working
hand-in-hand with immune cells to drive inflammaging," said Tien Peng, MD,
a professor of Medicine and a member of the Cardiovascular Research Institute
and Bakar Aging Research Institute at UCSF. "It suggests new ways to
intervene before patients progress to severe inflammation that can require
intubation."
Peng is the senior author of the study, published in Immunity on
March 27. Nancy Allen MD, PhD, a clinical fellow in the Pulmonary and Critical
Care Division in the UCSF Department of Medicine, is the first author.














