By Jill Richardson
Shrimp
cocktail makes a great finger food for holiday parties. Right? Only if you have
no idea how those crustaceans were produced. Because if you did, you wouldn’t want to eat shrimp again.
Before I
go on, I’ll say this: There is good shrimp out there. Monterey Bay Aquarium
provides a list of
decent sources. The tricky part is knowing which is which.
Even in
the best case, you know which country it’s from and whether it’s farmed or
wild. But odds are you won’t know how it was farmed or how it was caught, so
you’re basically no wiser than you were before you got those tidbits of
information.
Why
offer up organic fruit or wild Alaskan salmon or heritage turkey unless you can
make an extra buck? When food isn’t labeled, it’s probably the cheapest stuff
out there.
So back
to the mystery coconut shrimp on that tray at the party this weekend. What’s in
it? Where did it come from?
By the
numbers, shrimp is America’s No. 1 seafood by a long shot, and a whopping 85 percent
of the shrimp we eat is imported. Some is farmed, and some is wild. And when it
arrives in the U.S., almost none of this food is ever inspected.
When it
is inspected, some of the top reasons it’s rejected are “filth,” salmonella,
and residues of banned veterinary drugs. (Hungry yet?)
Overseas,
shrimp is often farmed in ponds that are treated with a long list of chemicals:
urea, superphosphate, diesel, piscicides (fish-killing chemicals like chlorine
and rotenone), pesticides, antibiotics (including some that are banned in the
U.S.), sodium tripolyphosphate (a suspected neurotoxin), borax, and
occasionally caustic soda.
The
ponds are made near the ocean, relying on the tide to refresh the water and
carry shrimp excrement out to sea. The area around the ponds turns into a dead
zone.
A
recently published paper on
life in a shrimp-farming area in Bangladesh describes how shrimp farming wrecks
the land and the economy, making life practically unlivable for the locals.
A more
responsible way to farm shrimp is in closed, inland ponds. And there are
responsibly caught wild shrimp too, like the pink shrimp caught in Oregon or
spot prawns caught in the Canadian Pacific.
Thankfully,
wild caught shrimp aren’t treated with a long list of unspeakably gross
chemicals like farmed shrimp can be.
But, far
too often, wild shrimp are caught with methods that result in a lot of bycatch
— the other species of marine life accidentally swept up and then tossed dead
and dying over the side of the ship. For every pound of shrimp you eat, imagine
five to 20 pounds of other species that died too.
When you
pick up a cocktail shrimp off an hors d’oeuvre tray, of course you aren’t
wishing for the needless deaths of other sea creatures. Nor are you wishing for
the devastation of villages in far away countries like Bangladesh. But that
could be part of the story that brought the shrimp to the freezer section of
your local store at such a great price.
And,
honestly, given how disgusting shrimp farming methods can be, and how poorly
inspected they are at our ports, I don’t care how good they taste. I’m not
going to risk it. (Researchers tested imported ready-to-eat shrimp, and they found 162
separate species of bacteria with resistance to 10 different antibiotics.
Yuck!)
Please
join me by choosing responsibly produced shrimp. Or leave it off your grocery
list, refrain from ordering it in a restaurant, and opt to serve something else
when you host a holiday party.
OtherWords columnist
Jill Richardson is the author of Recipe for America: Why Our Food
System Is Broken and What We Can Do to Fix It. OtherWords.org
