Renewable Energy is Smashing Records and Crushing
Fossil Fuels
This is another record-breaking year for renewable
energy. In both the developed and developing world renewables are growing
at a faster rate than ever before.
In 2015, for the first time ever, renewable
energy accounted for more than half of new power generation worldwide.
Last
year, we saw more investment capital being funneled into renewables than ever
before and more installed capacity.
Currently, renewable energy
generates almost a quarter of the world’s power demands.
According to the Renewables 2016 Global Status Report, in 2015 alone, a
total of 153 gigawatts (GW) of net renewable electricity capacity was installed
globally. Non-hydro global investments in clean energy hit $285.9 billion last
year, eclipsing 2014’s $273 billion. The investment trend away from fossil
fuels and towards renewable energy was corroborated by a report from the World Bank.
According to this report,
investments in renewable energy made up more than half of all private
investments in 2015. “Solar energy investments climbed 72 percent higher than
the last five-year average, while renewables attracted nearly two-thirds of
investments with private participation,” the bank said in a statement. By
sector, total investments in solar were $9.4 billion, $9.4 billion for wind,
$2.9 billion for hydroelectric projects and $1.3 billion for geothermal energy.
According to Bloomberg’s Jessica Shankleman, renewables such as
solar and wind saw a record $329.3 billion worth of investments last year. New
investments in wind and solar represent the majority of growth, accounting for
more than three-quarters (77 percent) of new installations in 2015. Although
wind energy currently accounts for more than half of all renewable power
generation, global solar capacity is also growing fast.
In a June GWIR post, Thomas Schueneman cites data from
the EIA’s Electric Power Monthly that shows U.S. renewable energy sources
provided almost 17 percent of total electricity generation in the first quarter
of 2016 and non-hydro renewable generation was up 23 percent over the 1st
quarter of 2015. Together, wind and solar energy generation increased by 32
percent compared to the same period in 2015.
Fossil
fuels
Despite massive subsidies, fossil fuels are being flattened by market forces. The World
Bank report showed that fossil fuel investment declined by 30 percent between
2014 and 2015.
The IEA recently announced that
renewable energy sources have passed coal as the largest new source of
electricity in the world. Spending on renewables has surpassed coal and natural
gas globally.
Investments in renewables in 2015 were more than double the
amount spent on new coal and gas-fired power plants. For the first time,
developing economies spent more than developed nations on renewables.
Christine Lins, the executive secretary of REN21, said, “The fact that we had 147GW of
capacity, mainly of wind and solar is a clear indication that these technologies
are cost competitive (with fossil fuels).”
Lins also
said,
“What is truly remarkable about these results is that they were achieved at a time when fossil fuel prices were at historic lows, and renewables remained at a significant disadvantage in terms of government subsidies,” said REN21 executive secretary Christine Lins. “For every dollar spent boosting renewables, nearly 4 dollars were spent to maintain our dependence on fossil fuels.”
According to Electric Power Monthly, in the first
quarter of 2016, natural gas continued to dominate U.S. electricity generation
from fossil fuels, increasing 6.7 percent in the first quarter, while
coal-fired power generation fell by almost 25 percent in the first quarter of
2016. Even in China, coal usage is down for the second year in a row.
As explained by Tom Randall in a Bloomberg
article, “[fossil fuel] Prices have tumbled and investments have started drying
up. The number of oil rigs active in the U.S. fell last month to the lowest
since records began in the 1940s.”
According to Michael Liebreich, chairman of
the advisory board for Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF), the situation is
going to get worse for the fossil fuels industry.
As Michael
Klare wrote in a Foreign Policy Focus article titled, “The
Old Oil Order Is Collapsing.” He started the piece by saying: “If even Saudi
Arabia is ready to move away from its reliance on petroleum, we’re indeed
entering a new world — one in which the titans of oil production will no longer
hold sway over our lives.” Klare points to the deep divisions among global
fossil fuel energy producers.
He also mentioned a number of bankruptcies that
have wiped out billions of dollars in investment. He explains that the collapse
of oil can be attributed to slowing economic growth globally and to what he
calls the accelerating “green revolution” (i.e. renewable energy).
There have been many recent oil industry bankruptcies,
including SandRidge Energy Inc. Many more fossil fuel firms are expected to
succumb to a rapidly changing energy sector.
Declining
costs
The growth in renewables and the decline of fossil
fuels are being powered by falling prices in energy storageand
production, particularly solar. Wind and
solar prices have been falling at a rapid rate. Wind dropped by about one-third
in the last five to six years, and solar has declined by 80 percent.
As Bloomberg reported
in August, “fossil fuels [are] losing cost advantage over solar, wind.”
Solar is expected to reach grid parity in 80 percent
of the world by 2017.
Shankleman quotes Michael Liebreich, founder of the
London-based research arm of Bloomberg LP, speaking of the “the improving
cost-competitiveness of solar and wind power.” Liebreich also said:
“The story should not be how falling oil prices will impact the shift to clean energy, it should be how the shift to clean energy is impacting the oil price.”
Outlook
Renewables are expected to reach around 60 percent of
new capacity by 2021, up 10 percent from their 2015 numbers. Green energy is
expected to provide around 28 percent of electricity generation by 2021, (up
from 23 percent in 2015).
By 2020, China will have 200 gigawatts of solar and by
2025, China is expected to double its wind-power capacity to nearly 350
gigawatts. Together China and India are expected to double the global amount of
renewable energy in the next five years.
“In the next five years, the People’s Republic of
China and India alone will account for almost half of global renewable capacity
additions,” says the IEA. Renewables are forecast to provide just over a
quarter of the world’s electricity by 2021. In the US, renewable energy
capacity was 121 Gigawatts (GW) in 2014, and it is expected to reach 182 GW by
2020.
Although these forecasts will not be able to keep us
from surpassing the prescribed upper threshold temperature limit, if the past
is any indication of the future, we may exceed expectations.
As stated in a Bloomberg article:
“The best minds in energy keep underestimating what solar and wind can do. Since 2000, the International Energy Agency has raised its long-term solar forecast 14 times and its wind forecast five times. Every time global wind power doubles, there’s a 19 percent drop in cost, according to BNEF, and every time solar power doubles, costs fall 24 percent.”
Forecasts continue to underestimate renewable energy
growth. Electric Power Monthly shows how the EIA’s forecasts have been way below actual results.
Those who have been watching the energy sector closely
are bullish on the future of renewables and many expect that we will beat the
forecasts.
“I’ve been working in this sector for 20 years and the
economic case is now fully there,” said Christine Lins. “The best is yet to
come,” she told BBC News.
Richard
Matthews is a consultant, eco-entrepreneur, green investor and author of
numerous articles on sustainable positioning, eco-economics and
enviro-politics. He is the owner of The Green Market Oracle,
a leading sustainable business site and one of the Web’s most comprehensive
resources on the business of the environment. Find The Green Market on Facebook and follow The Green Market’s twitter
feed.
