Berry gives boost to cervical cancer
therapy
University of
Missouri-Columbia
According to the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 12,000 women in the
United States are diagnosed with cervical cancer each year. One of the most common treatments for cervical cancer is radiation. While radiation therapy destroys cancer cells, it also destroys nearby healthy cells.
University of Missouri School of Medicine researchers studied in vitro human cancer cells to show that combining blueberry extract with radiation can increase the treatment's effectiveness.
"Radiation
therapy uses high-energy X-rays and other particles such as gamma rays to
destroy cancer cells," said Yujiang Fang, M.D., Ph.D., a visiting
professor at the MU School of Medicine and lead author of the study.
"For some cancers, such as late-stage cervical cancer, radiation is a good treatment option. However, collateral damage to healthy cells always occurs. Based on previous research, we studied blueberry extract to verify it could be used as a radiosensitizer."
"For some cancers, such as late-stage cervical cancer, radiation is a good treatment option. However, collateral damage to healthy cells always occurs. Based on previous research, we studied blueberry extract to verify it could be used as a radiosensitizer."
Radiosensitizers are
non-toxic chemicals that make cancer cells more responsive to radiation
therapy. In a previous study, Fang and his research team showed that
resveratrol, a compound in red grapes, could be used as a radiosensitizer for
treating prostate cancer. Blueberries also contain resveratrol.
"In addition to
resveratrol, blueberries also contain flavonoids," said Fang, who also has
appointments as an academic pathologist and assistant professor of microbiology
and immunology at Des Moines University in Iowa. "Flavonoids are chemicals
that may have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial
properties."
The researchers used
human cervical cancer cell lines to mimic clinical treatment. The cell lines
were divided into four groups that included a control group, a group that
received only radiation, a group that received only blueberry extract, and a
group that received both radiation and the extract.
"Our team used
three different measures to confirm results of the study," Fang said.
"Radiation decreased cancer cells by approximately 20 percent. Interestingly, the cell group that received only blueberry extract had a 25 percent decrease in cancer. However, the biggest decline in cancer cells occurred in the radiation and extract group, with a decrease of about 70 percent."
"Radiation decreased cancer cells by approximately 20 percent. Interestingly, the cell group that received only blueberry extract had a 25 percent decrease in cancer. However, the biggest decline in cancer cells occurred in the radiation and extract group, with a decrease of about 70 percent."
Fang explained that
the mechanism that makes blueberry extract a radiosensitizer also reduces the
abnormal explosion of cell growth ? which is what cancer is.
"Cancer cells
avoid death by remodeling themselves," Fang said. "Along with
reducing cell proliferation, the extract also 'tricks' cancer cells into dying.
So it inhibits the birth and promotes the death of cancer cells."
Fang said an animal
study is the next step to confirm that his team can achieve the same results.
"Blueberries are
very common and found all over the world," Fang said. "They are
readily accessible and inexpensive. As a natural treatment option for boosting
the effectiveness of existing therapies, I feel they would be enthusiastically
accepted."
