Public attitudes to growing global
crisis
University of Plymouth
Members of the public are more
likely to blame the global marine litter crisis on retailers, industry and
government, according to new research led by the University of Plymouth.
However, they have less faith in
those agencies' motivation and competence to address the problem, placing
greater trust in scientists and environmental groups to develop effective and
lasting solutions.
The results were among the findings
of a Europe-wide study which asked more than 1,100 members of the general
public about their attitudes to marine litter.
It showed more than 95 per cent of
people reported having seen litter when they visited the coast, and such
experiences were associated with higher concern and a willingness to adapt
personal behaviour to address the problem.
There was also growing appreciation
and concern about the threat litter poses to wildlife within the marine
environment, vastly outweighing other fears such as the impact on tourism and
the fishing and shipping industries.
Direct releases into the sea and at
the coast were perceived to be more likely routes for waste to enter the marine
environment than overflows from water treatment or landfill sites.
And when asked about the key factors
contributing to the problem, people attributed it predominantly to the use of
plastic in products and packaging, human behaviour when disposing of litter,
and the single use nature of plastics.
The research, published in Marine Pollution Bulletin, is the first European public survey to focus solely on marine litter and people's attitudes towards it.
Dr Sabine Pahl, Associate Professor
(Reader) in the University of Plymouth's School of Psychology, is the study's
corresponding author. She said: "Marine litter is an issue without
borders. But human behaviour in its many forms is the sole source of the
problem, and changing perceptions and behaviour is key to preventing litter
from continuing to escape into the natural environment. This research gives us
useful insights so that we can attempt to motivate action on land that makes a
positive change to our coastlines and oceans now and in the future."
Professor Richard Thompson OBE, Head
of the University's International Marine Litter Research Unit, also contributed
to the research. He added: "At a time when there is a broad commitment to
address this global crisis, this research presents an interesting conundrum. It
is encouraging to see there is growing public awareness of the marine litter
problem, but there are clearly challenges to be overcome in convincing people
that we all need to be part of the solution. There needs to be an holistic
approach which includes governments and industry, scientists and the public,
and this research is a useful step in finding ways to communicate that more
widely."