Turn up your favorite song to improve medication efficacy
Michigan State University
While listening to a favorite song is a known mood booster, researchers at Michigan State University have discovered that music-listening interventions also can make medicines more effective.
"Music-listening interventions are
like over-the-counter medications," said Jason Kiernan, an assistant
professor in the College of Nursing. "You don't need a doctor to prescribe
them."
While previous research studies have used
music-listening interventions as a tool to treat pain and anxiety, Kiernan took
a novel approach by studying the effects of music-listening interventions on
chemotherapy-induced nausea.
"Pain and anxiety are both
neurological phenomena and are interpreted in the brain as a state,"
Kiernan said. "Chemotherapy-induced nausea is not a stomach condition; it
is a neurological one."
The small pilot study included 12 patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment who agreed to listen to their favorite music for 30 minutes each time they needed to take their as-needed anti-nausea medication.
They repeated the music intervention anytime nausea occurred over
the five days beyond their chemotherapy treatment. The patients in the study
provided a total of 64 events.
"When we listen to music, our brains
fire all kinds of neurons," Kiernan said.
While Kiernan did see a reduction in the ratings of patients' nausea severity and their distress (how much it bothered them to be nauseous), he cautions that it is difficult to isolate whether it was the gradual release of the medication doing its job or the increased benefit of the music.
For future studies, Kiernan is drawing inspiration from
another previously published study that measured the amount of serotonin, a
neurotransmitter, that was released by platelets in the blood after listening
to unpleasant and pleasant music.
"Serotonin is the major
neurotransmitter that causes chemotherapy-induced nausea," Kiernan said.
"Cancer patients take medications to block serotonin's effects."
During that previous study, researchers
found that patients who listened to pleasant music experienced the lowest
levels of serotonin release, indicating that the serotonin stayed in the blood
platelets and was not released to circulate throughout the body. Results also
showed that after listening to music they found unpleasant, patients experienced
greater stress and increased levels of serotonin release.
"This was intriguing because it
provides a neurochemical explanation and a possible way to measure serotonin
and the blood platelet release of serotonin in my study," Kiernan said.
"In 10 to 20 years, wouldn't it be neat if you could use a
nonpharmacological intervention like listening to 10 minutes of your favorite
music to complement a medicine?"
The research was published in the journal Clinical Nursing Research.