An Unexpected Pathway to Hypertension
By EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY
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New research reveals a correlation between
the duration of mobile phone usage for calls and increased risk of high blood
pressure.
The study, which used data from over 200,000 adults, indicated a 12% higher risk of hypertension in individuals who talked on their phones for 30 minutes or more per week compared to those who used less.
According to a study recently published in the European Heart Journal – Digital Health, spending over 30 minutes per week on mobile phone conversations can lead to a 12% higher risk of developing high blood pressure, compared to spending less than 30 minutes.
“It’s the number of minutes people spend talking on a mobile that matters for heart health, with more minutes meaning greater risk,” said study author Professor Xianhui Qin of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
“Years of use or employing a hands-free set-up
had no influence on the likelihood of developing high blood pressure. More
studies are needed to confirm the findings.”
Almost three-quarters of the global population aged 10 and over own a mobile phone. Nearly 1.3 billion adults aged 30 to 79 years worldwide have high blood pressure (hypertension).
Hypertension is a
major risk factor for heart attack and stroke and a leading cause of premature
death globally. Mobile phones emit low levels of radiofrequency energy, which
has been linked with rises in blood pressure after short-term exposure. Results
of previous studies on mobile phone use and blood pressure were inconsistent,
potentially because they included calls, texts, gaming, and so on.
This study examined the relationship between making and receiving phone calls and new-onset hypertension. The study used data from the UK Biobank. A total of 212,046 adults aged 37 to 73 years without hypertension were included.
Information on the use of a mobile phone to make
and receive calls was collected through a self-reported touchscreen
questionnaire at baseline, including years of use, hours per week, and using a
hands-free device/speakerphone. Participants who used a mobile phone at least
once a week to make or receive calls were defined as mobile phone users.
The researchers analyzed the relationship
between mobile phone usage and new-onset hypertension after adjusting for age,
sex, body mass index, race, deprivation, family history of hypertension,
education, smoking status, blood pressure, blood lipids, inflammation, blood
glucose, kidney function and use of medications to lower cholesterol or blood
glucose levels.
The average age of participants was 54 years, 62% were women and 88% were mobile phone users. During a median follow-up of 12 years, 13,984 (7%) participants developed hypertension. Mobile phone users had a 7% higher risk of hypertension compared with non-users.
Those who talked on
their mobile for 30 minutes or more per week had a 12% greater likelihood of
new-onset high blood pressure than participants who spent less than 30 minutes
on phone calls. The results were similar for women and men.
Looking at the findings in more detail,
compared to participants who spent less than 5 minutes per week making or
receiving mobile phone calls, weekly usage time of 30-59 minutes, 1-3 hours,
4-6 hours, and more than 6 hours was associated with an 8%, 13%, 16% and 25%
raised risk of high blood pressure, respectively. Among mobile phone users,
years of use and employing a hands-free device/speakerphone were not
significantly related to the development of hypertension.
The researchers also examined the relationship between usage time (less than 30 minutes vs. 30 minutes or more) and new-onset hypertension according to whether participants had a low, intermediate, or high genetic risk of developing hypertension.
Genetic risk was
determined using data from the UK Biobank. The analysis showed that the
likelihood of developing high blood pressure was greatest in those with high
genetic risk who spent at least 30 minutes a week talking on a mobile – they
had a 33% higher likelihood of hypertension compared to those with low genetic
risk who spent less than 30 minutes a week on the phone.
Professor Qin said: “Our findings suggest
that talking on a mobile may not affect the risk of developing high blood
pressure as long as weekly call time is kept below half an hour. More research
is required to replicate the results, but until then it seems prudent to keep
mobile phone calls to a minimum to preserve heart health.”
Reference: “Mobile phone calls, genetic
susceptibility, and new-onset hypertension: results from 212 046 UK Biobank
participants” by Ziliang Ye, Yanjun Zhang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Sisi Yang, Mengyi
Liu, Qimeng Wu, Chun Zhou, Panpan He, Xiaoqin Gan and Xianhui Qin, 4 May
2023, European Heart Journal – Digital Health.
DOI:
10.1093/ehjdh/ztad024
The study was supported by the
National Key Research and Development Program, and the National Natural Science
Foundation of China.