New and simplified vaccine and treatment options for contagious respiratory diseases
By CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION (CDC)
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On March 1, the CDC released updated recommendations for how people can protect themselves and their communities from respiratory viruses, including COVID-19.
The new guidance brings a unified approach to addressing risks from a range of common respiratory viral illnesses, such as COVID-19, flu, and RSV, which can cause significant health impacts and strain on hospitals and healthcare workers.
CDC is making updates to the recommendations now because
the U.S. is seeing far fewer hospitalizations and deaths associated with
COVID-19 and because we have more tools than ever to combat flu, COVID, and
RSV.
“Today’s announcement reflects the progress we have made in protecting against severe illness from COVID-19,” said CDC Director Dr. Mandy Cohen. “However, we still must use the commonsense solutions we know work to protect ourselves and others from serious illness from respiratory viruses—this includes vaccination, treatment, and staying home when we get sick.”
As part
of the guidance, CDC provides active recommendations on core prevention steps
and strategies:
- Staying up to date with
vaccination to
protect people against serious illness, hospitalization, and death. This
includes flu, COVID-19, and RSV if eligible.
- Practicing good hygiene by
covering coughs and sneezes, washing or sanitizing hands often, and
cleaning frequently touched surfaces.
- Taking steps for cleaner air, such as
bringing in more fresh outside air, purifying indoor air, or gathering
outdoors.
When people get sick with a respiratory virus, the updated guidance recommends that they stay home and away from others. For people with COVID-19 and influenza, treatment is available and can lessen symptoms and lower the risk of severe illness.
The recommendations suggest returning to
normal activities when, for at least 24 hours, symptoms are improving overall,
and if a fever was present, it has been gone without use of a fever-reducing
medication.
Once people resume normal activities, they are encouraged to take additional prevention strategies for the next 5 days to curb disease spread, such as taking more steps for cleaner air, enhancing hygiene practices, wearing a well-fitting mask, keeping a distance from others, and/or getting tested for respiratory viruses.
Enhanced precautions are especially important to protect those most at risk for severe illness, including those over 65 and people with weakened immune systems. CDC’s updated guidance reflects how the circumstances around COVID-19 in particular have changed.
While it
remains a threat, today it is far less likely to cause severe illness because
of widespread immunity and improved tools to prevent and treat the disease.
Importantly, states and countries that have already adjusted recommended
isolation times have not seen increased hospitalizations or deaths related to
COVID-19.
While
every respiratory virus does not act the same, adopting a unified approach to
limiting disease spread makes recommendations easier to follow and thus more
likely to be adopted and does not rely on individuals to test for illness, a
practice that data indicates is uneven.
“The
bottom line is that when people follow these actionable recommendations to
avoid getting sick, and to protect themselves and others if they do get sick,
it will help limit the spread of respiratory viruses, and that will mean fewer
people who experience severe illness,” National Center for Immunization and
Respiratory Diseases Director Dr. Demetre Daskalakis said. “That includes
taking enhanced precautions that can help protect people who are at higher risk
for getting seriously ill.”
The updated guidance also includes specific sections with additional considerations for people who are at higher risk of severe illness from respiratory viruses, including people who are immunocompromised, people with disabilities, people who are or were recently pregnant, young children, and older adults.
Respiratory viruses remain a public health threat. CDC will continue to focus
efforts on ensuring the public has the information and tools to lower their
risk or respiratory illness by protecting themselves, their families, and their
communities.
This updated guidance is intended for community settings. There are no changes to respiratory virus guidance for healthcare settings.
